The political environment that surrounded Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) can be found in the "Manuscripts of The House of Lords", dated 1695 - 6, No. 1022 :
"The House of Commons also, the same day, resolved upon the following Association to be signed by their Members:--
'Whereas there has been a Horrid and Detestable conspiracy, Formed and Carried on by Papists, and other Wicked and Traiterous Persons, for Assassinating his Majesty's Royal Person in Order to Incourage an Invasion from France, to Subvert our Religion, Laws and Liberty: We whose Names are hereunto Subscribed, do Heartily, Sincerely, and Solemnly Profess, Testify, and Declare, That his present Majesty King William is Rightful and Lawful King of these Realms. And we do Mutually Promise and Engage to stand by and assist each other to the utmost of our Power, in the Support and Defence of his Majesty's most Sacred Person and Government, against the late King James and all his Adherents.' [Much more is written...see page 208 - 210 , Manuscripts of The House of Lords, 1695/6.]
At any rate, you can begin to understand the difficulty that our Cadwallader (JO-1) faced during his time in the Bahama Islands. [1690 - 1695] He was appointed Governor under James II, and was a Catholic. He was facing a Puritan [Protestant] governor from a settlement that had been formed under Puritan forces. Who held the frying pan, and who started the fire?
Showing posts with label Bahamas. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bahamas. Show all posts
Friday, May 27, 2016
Wednesday, March 16, 2016
CJ (#53) London 1693
It would seem that the difficulties that our Cadwallader (JO-1) was having with the folks as Governor of the Bahamas had reached the attention of those in London. A letter found in the British Public Record Office, Colonial Entry Book Vol. 22, p. 224 is shown below. It is dated "12th of Apll. 1693" and is taken from "Records in the British Public Record Office Relating to South Carolina 1691 - 1697" [found at The University of Alabama main library - F272.679 v.3]
Mr. Nicholas Trot [Trott] (TRO-1) was appointed governor of the Bahama Islands to replace Cadwallader Jones (JO-1). "...Jones sent such esctiavagant Letters to all parts that he made both himself and us rediculous." Certainly, those in charge do not like to be made to look ridiculous. Thus it would seem that by April 12th, 1693, Cadwallader (JO-1) had cooked his own goose. The "Governors quarrell with the members of the Councill" had caused an exchange of "ill language when they differ in opinion wth him...". The "Kings affairs" would be affected, thus out with Jones (JO-1) and in with Trott (TRO-1).
Note: On the international front, James II was actively seeking to regain his throne in England. [Known as Jacobite Plots] A detailed discussion of this can be found in The Historians History of The World, by Williams, Vol. 20, [for the year 1693, see pp. 432 - 446.] published 1907.
Note: On the international front, James II was actively seeking to regain his throne in England. [Known as Jacobite Plots] A detailed discussion of this can be found in The Historians History of The World, by Williams, Vol. 20, [for the year 1693, see pp. 432 - 446.] published 1907.
Thursday, October 1, 2015
CJ (#46) Cultural Dynamics (2) Government
The second item that separated individuals into different groups was "government". The form or type of government that one believed to be the best to give your allegiance. At this point in the life of our Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) it was the "Monarchists" verses the "Republicans".
A monarchy was the undivided rule or absolute sovereignty by a single person. This had been the standard form of government throughout Europe. It was called by most the "Divine Right of Kings". A person who supported and followed this structure was called a "Monarchist".
Those individuals who felt that a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected representatives is called a "Republic". These representatives were responsible to them (the citizens), and were governing according to recognized law.
These two distinct forms placed an individual into different camps. Just like you could be a "Catholic" or "Protestant" (last post), but not both at the same time, you could be a "Monarchist" or "Republican". This would form two different groups.
At this point in 1690, our Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) was a "Monarchist". The majority of folks who occupied the Bahamas were "Republicans" and "Protestants". A source of conflict for all yet to come.
More to come.
A monarchy was the undivided rule or absolute sovereignty by a single person. This had been the standard form of government throughout Europe. It was called by most the "Divine Right of Kings". A person who supported and followed this structure was called a "Monarchist".
Those individuals who felt that a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected representatives is called a "Republic". These representatives were responsible to them (the citizens), and were governing according to recognized law.
These two distinct forms placed an individual into different camps. Just like you could be a "Catholic" or "Protestant" (last post), but not both at the same time, you could be a "Monarchist" or "Republican". This would form two different groups.
At this point in 1690, our Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) was a "Monarchist". The majority of folks who occupied the Bahamas were "Republicans" and "Protestants". A source of conflict for all yet to come.
More to come.
Wednesday, July 15, 2015
CJ (#43) Proprietor
A proprietor is defined as one who has the legal right or exclusive title to anything. It is one who holds the title to a thing in his own right. It was a common feature in English land law that for every piece of land there must be a proprietor who exercised control over it. The land across the great pond certainly offered the upper classes [in England] a way to generate income from large estates.
The "Crown" had the sole power to make original land grants in the new lands. This was the case for the new lands called Carolina. A group of men became the "proprietors" of the area which included the Bahamas. There goal was to make money. These men were:
1) George Duke of Albemarle, Master of his Majesty's Horse
2) Edward Earl of Clarendon
3) William Earl of Craven
4) John Lord Berkley
5) Anthony Lord Ashley Chancellor of the Exchequer
6) Sir George Carteret, Vice Chamberlain of his Majesty's Household
7) Sir William Berkley, Knight
8) Sir Peter Colleton, Baronet
"....the true and absolute lords proprietors of all the province of Carolina." [May 1, 1668]
The "Instructions for Granting Lands in Carolina November 21, 1682" can be found in Foundations of Colonial America, A Documentary History, Vol. III - Part 2 : Southern Colonies, Edited by W. Keith Kavenagh, pp. 2468 - 2475. It was under these instructions that Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) was appointed governor of the Bahamas by this group of proprietors on November 14, 1689.
The "Crown" had the sole power to make original land grants in the new lands. This was the case for the new lands called Carolina. A group of men became the "proprietors" of the area which included the Bahamas. There goal was to make money. These men were:
1) George Duke of Albemarle, Master of his Majesty's Horse
2) Edward Earl of Clarendon
3) William Earl of Craven
4) John Lord Berkley
5) Anthony Lord Ashley Chancellor of the Exchequer
6) Sir George Carteret, Vice Chamberlain of his Majesty's Household
7) Sir William Berkley, Knight
8) Sir Peter Colleton, Baronet
"....the true and absolute lords proprietors of all the province of Carolina." [May 1, 1668]
The "Instructions for Granting Lands in Carolina November 21, 1682" can be found in Foundations of Colonial America, A Documentary History, Vol. III - Part 2 : Southern Colonies, Edited by W. Keith Kavenagh, pp. 2468 - 2475. It was under these instructions that Cadwallader Jones (JO-1) was appointed governor of the Bahamas by this group of proprietors on November 14, 1689.
Friday, May 8, 2015
CJ (#41) Instructions 1689
On the same page of the Calender of State Papers - Colonial Series 13, American and West Indies 1689 - 1692 [p. 179] is the following instructions to "Governor Cadwallader Jones":
"Instructions to Governor Cadwallader Jones of the Bahama Islands. As to land-grants, the rights of cutting certain woods and searching for wrecks and for ambergris. Signed. Craver, Askley, Carteret, P. Colleton."
[ Col. Entry BK. Vol. XXII, pp. 151, 152 ]
This gives the issues important to the folks in charge. There are 1) "land-grants", 2) "the rights of cutting certain woods", 3) "the searching for wrecks, and 4) "ambergris". [ ambergris = a waxy substance found floating in or on the shores of tropical waters, believed to originate in the intestines of the sperm whale, and used in perfumery as a fixative ] Wow...what a list of priorities!
"Instructions to Governor Cadwallader Jones of the Bahama Islands. As to land-grants, the rights of cutting certain woods and searching for wrecks and for ambergris. Signed. Craver, Askley, Carteret, P. Colleton."
[ Col. Entry BK. Vol. XXII, pp. 151, 152 ]
This gives the issues important to the folks in charge. There are 1) "land-grants", 2) "the rights of cutting certain woods", 3) "the searching for wrecks, and 4) "ambergris". [ ambergris = a waxy substance found floating in or on the shores of tropical waters, believed to originate in the intestines of the sperm whale, and used in perfumery as a fixative ] Wow...what a list of priorities!
Wednesday, March 25, 2015
Connectors (2)
The Bahamas have their own unique history. One of the earliest maps to show the geographic location and the position in the Caribbean is shown next.
First published in 1566 by Zaltieri, the island can be seen just off the coast of "LA FLORIDA". From here, it heads a stream of islands forming a chain southeast that filters all ships sailing from the "CLOFO MEXICANO" [Gulf of Mexico] The Atlantic current would bring the Spanish treasure ships along the coast of Florida through this group of islands.
In the book by Michael Cration called "A History of the Bahamas" he discusses the recovery of a sunken Spanish treasure ship in 1687. [Picture of book cover shown next.]
On page 76 he outlines how a "Captain John Smith" organized an operation supported by the second Duke of Albermarle. They were the first to use a water-cask called "diving-bell". This recovery caused "gold fever" among those in England and in the colonies, but especially among the Proprietors of the Carolina grant.
Now this "Captain John Smith" was an alias for a Francis Dade (DAD-1) who's family had direct connection to our Cadwallader Jones (JO-1). This connection proves to be important as the story continues. You might imagine how Cadwallader (JO-1) would jump at the chance to get involved in the "gold fever". Much, much, more to come!
Map enlarged from: "The Mapping of North America, Three centuries of map-making 1500 - 1860", by John Goss. [p.32] Published by The Wellfleet Press, NJ, 1990.
The book by Michael Craton was first published 1962 by San Salvador Press, Ont. Canada. Editions were reprinted in 1968, 1986, and 1992.
First published in 1566 by Zaltieri, the island can be seen just off the coast of "LA FLORIDA". From here, it heads a stream of islands forming a chain southeast that filters all ships sailing from the "CLOFO MEXICANO" [Gulf of Mexico] The Atlantic current would bring the Spanish treasure ships along the coast of Florida through this group of islands.
In the book by Michael Cration called "A History of the Bahamas" he discusses the recovery of a sunken Spanish treasure ship in 1687. [Picture of book cover shown next.]
On page 76 he outlines how a "Captain John Smith" organized an operation supported by the second Duke of Albermarle. They were the first to use a water-cask called "diving-bell". This recovery caused "gold fever" among those in England and in the colonies, but especially among the Proprietors of the Carolina grant.
Now this "Captain John Smith" was an alias for a Francis Dade (DAD-1) who's family had direct connection to our Cadwallader Jones (JO-1). This connection proves to be important as the story continues. You might imagine how Cadwallader (JO-1) would jump at the chance to get involved in the "gold fever". Much, much, more to come!
Map enlarged from: "The Mapping of North America, Three centuries of map-making 1500 - 1860", by John Goss. [p.32] Published by The Wellfleet Press, NJ, 1990.
The book by Michael Craton was first published 1962 by San Salvador Press, Ont. Canada. Editions were reprinted in 1968, 1986, and 1992.
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